keyboard_tab Digital Market Act 2022/1925 EN
BG CS DA DE EL EN ES ET FI FR GA HR HU IT LV LT MT NL PL PT RO SK SL SV print pdf
- Article 1 Subject matter and scope
- Article 2 Definitions
- Article 3 Designation of gatekeepers
- Article 4 Review of the status of gatekeeper
- Article 5 Obligations for gatekeepers
- Article 6 Obligations for gatekeepers susceptible of being further specified under Article 8
- Article 7 Obligation for gatekeepers on interoperability of number-independent interpersonal communications services
- Article 8 Compliance with obligations for gatekeepers
- Article 9 Suspension
- Article 10 Exemption for grounds of public health and public security
- Article 11 Reporting
- Article 12 Updating obligations for gatekeepers
- Article 13 Anti-circumvention
- Article 14 Obligation to inform about concentrations
- Article 15 Obligation of an audit
- Article 16 Opening of a market investigation
- Article 17 Market investigation for designating gatekeepers
- Article 18 Market investigation into systematic non-compliance
- Article 19 Market investigation into new services and new practices
- Article 20 Opening of proceedings
- Article 21 Requests for information
- Article 22 Power to carry out interviews and take statements
- Article 23 Powers to conduct inspections
- Article 24 Interim measures
- Article 25 Commitments
- Article 26 Monitoring of obligations and measures
- Article 27 Information by third parties
- Article 28 Compliance function
- Article 29 Non-compliance
- Article 30 Fines
- Article 31 Periodic penalty payments
- Article 32 Limitation periods for the imposition of penalties
- Article 33 Limitation periods for the enforcement of penalties
- Article 34 Right to be heard and access to the file
- Article 35 Annual reporting
- Article 36 Professional secrecy
- Article 37 Cooperation with national authorities
- Article 38 Cooperation and coordination with national competent authorities enforcing competition rules
- Article 39 Cooperation with national courts
- Article 40 The high-level group
- Article 41 Request for a market investigation
- Article 42 Representative actions
- Article 43 Reporting of breaches and protection of reporting persons
- Article 44 Publication of decisions
- Article 45 Review by the Court of Justice
- Article 46 Implementing provisions
- Article 47 Guidelines
- Article 48 Standardisation
- Article 49 Exercise of the delegation
- Article 50 Committee procedure
- Article 51 Amendment to Directive (EU) 2019/1937
- Article 52 Amendment to Directive (EU) 2020/1828
- Article 53 Review
- Article 54 Entry into force and application
CHAPTER I
SUBJECT MATTER, SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER II
GATEKEEPERS
CHAPTER III
PRACTICES OF GATEKEEPERS THAT LIMIT CONTESTABILITY OR ARE UNFAIR
CHAPTER IV
MARKET INVESTIGATION
CHAPTER V
INVESTIGATIVE, ENFORCEMENT AND MONITORING POWERS
CHAPTER VI
FINAL PROVISIONS
- gatekeeper
- core platform service
- information society service
- digital sector
- online intermediation services
- online search engine
- online social networking service
- video-sharing platform service
- number-independent interpersonal communications service
- operating system
- web browser
- virtual assistant
- cloud computing service
- software application stores
- software application
- payment service
- technical service supporting payment service
- payment system for in-app purchases
- identification service
- end user
- business user
- ranking
- search results
- data
- personal data
- non-personal data
- undertaking
- control
- interoperability
- turnover
- profiling
- consent
- national court
- General
- Active end users
- Active business users
- Submission of information
- Specific definitions
- undertaking 28
- paragraph 24
- commission 21
- shall 14
- providing 13
- core_platform_services 13
- thresholds 11
- gatekeeper 10
- within 9
- core_platform_service 9
- article 9
- relevant 8
- information 8
- paragraph 8
- article 8
- pursuant 7
- the 6
- after 6
- each 6
- meets 6
- subparagraph 6
- designate 6
- laid 6
- end_users 6
- down 6
- data 6
- market 5
- satisfy 5
- accordance 5
- business_users 5
- procedure 5
- referred 5
- point b 4
- position 4
- financial 4
- arguments 4
- provides 4
- which 4
- union 4
- including 4
- does 4
- into 4
- last 4
- requirements 4
- methodology 4
- least 4
- comply 3
- identified 3
- designation 3
- notify 3
Article 3
Designation of gatekeepers
1. An undertaking shall be designated as a gatekeeper if:
| (a) | it has a significant impact on the internal market; |
| (b) | it provides a core_platform_service which is an important gateway for business_users to reach end_users; and |
| (c) | it enjoys an entrenched and durable position, in its operations, or it is foreseeable that it will enjoy such a position in the near future. |
2. An undertaking shall be presumed to satisfy the respective requirements in paragraph 1:
| (a) | as regards paragraph 1, point (a), where it achieves an annual Union turnover equal to or above EUR 7,5 billion in each of the last three financial years, or where its average market capitalisation or its equivalent fair market value amounted to at least EUR 75 billion in the last financial year, and it provides the same core_platform_service in at least three Member States; |
| (b) | as regards paragraph 1, point (b), where it provides a core_platform_service that in the last financial year has at least 45 million monthly active end_users established or located in the Union and at least 10 000 yearly active business_users established in the Union, identified and calculated in accordance with the methodology and indicators set out in the Annex; |
| (c) | as regards paragraph 1, point (c), where the thresholds in point (b) of this paragraph were met in each of the last three financial years. |
3. Where an undertaking providing core_platform_services meets all of the thresholds in paragraph 2, it shall notify the Commission thereof without delay and in any event within 2 months after those thresholds are met and provide it with the relevant information identified in paragraph 2. That notification shall include the relevant information identified in paragraph 2 for each of the core_platform_services of the undertaking that meets the thresholds in paragraph 2, point (b). Whenever a further core_platform_service provided by the undertaking that has previously been designated as a gatekeeper meets the thresholds in paragraph 2, points (b) and (c), such undertaking shall notify the Commission thereof within 2 months after those thresholds are satisfied.
Where the undertaking providing the core_platform_service fails to notify the Commission pursuant to the first subparagraph of this paragraph and fails to provide within the deadline set by the Commission in the request for information pursuant to Article 21 all the relevant information that is required for the Commission to designate the undertaking concerned as gatekeeper pursuant to paragraph 4 of this Article, the Commission shall still be entitled to designate that undertaking as a gatekeeper, based on information available to the Commission.
Where the undertaking providing core_platform_services complies with the request for information pursuant to the second subparagraph of this paragraph or where the information is provided after the expiration of the deadline referred to in that subparagraph, the Commission shall apply the procedure set out in paragraph 4.
4. The Commission shall designate as a gatekeeper, without undue delay and at the latest within 45 working days after receiving the complete information referred to in paragraph 3, an undertaking providing core_platform_services that meets all the thresholds in paragraph 2.
5. The undertaking providing core_platform_services may present, with its notification, sufficiently substantiated arguments to demonstrate that, exceptionally, although it meets all the thresholds in paragraph 2, due to the circumstances in which the relevant core_platform_service operates, it does not satisfy the requirements listed in paragraph 1.
Where the Commission considers that the arguments submitted pursuant to the first subparagraph by the undertaking providing core_platform_services are not sufficiently substantiated because they do not manifestly call into question the presumptions set out in paragraph 2 of this Article, it may reject those arguments within the time limit referred to in paragraph 4, without applying the procedure laid down in Article 17(3).
Where the undertaking providing core_platform_services does present such sufficiently substantiated arguments manifestly calling into question the presumptions in paragraph 2 of this Article, the Commission may, notwithstanding the first subparagraph of this paragraph, within the time limit referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article, open the procedure laid down in Article 17(3).
If the Commission concludes that the undertaking providing core_platform_services was not able to demonstrate that the relevant core_platform_services that it provides do not satisfy the requirements of paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall designate that undertaking as a gatekeeper in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 17(3).
6. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 49 to supplement this Regulation by specifying the methodology for determining whether the quantitative thresholds laid down in paragraph 2 of this Article are met, and to regularly adjust that methodology to market and technological developments, where necessary.
7. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 49 to amend this Regulation by updating the methodology and the list of indicators set out in the Annex.
8. The Commission shall designate as a gatekeeper, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 17, any undertaking providing core_platform_services that meets each of the requirements of paragraph 1 of this Article, but does not satisfy each of the thresholds in paragraph 2 of this Article.
For that purpose, the Commission shall take into account some or all of the following elements, insofar as they are relevant for the undertaking providing core_platform_services under consideration:
| (a) | the size, including turnover and market capitalisation, operations and position of that undertaking; |
| (b) | the number of business_users using the core_platform_service to reach end_users and the number of end_users; |
| (c) | network effects and data driven advantages, in particular in relation to that undertaking’s access to, and collection of, personal data and non-personal data or analytics capabilities; |
| (d) | any scale and scope effects from which the undertaking benefits, including with regard to data, and, where relevant, to its activities outside the Union; |
| (e) | business_user or end_user lock-in, including switching costs and behavioural bias reducing the ability of business_users and end_users to switch or multi-home; |
| (f) | a conglomerate corporate structure or vertical integration of that undertaking, for instance enabling that undertaking to cross subsidise, to combine data from different sources or to leverage its position; or |
| (g) | other structural business or service characteristics. |
In carrying out its assessment under this paragraph, the Commission shall take into account foreseeable developments in relation to the elements listed in the second subparagraph, including any planned concentrations involving another undertaking providing core_platform_services or providing any other services in the digital_sector or enabling the collection of data.
Where an undertaking providing a core_platform_service that does not satisfy the quantitative thresholds of paragraph 2 fails to comply with the investigative measures ordered by the Commission in a significant manner, and that failure persists after that undertaking has been invited to comply within a reasonable time limit and to submit observations, the Commission may designate that undertaking as a gatekeeper on the basis of the facts available to the Commission.
9. For each undertaking designated as a gatekeeper pursuant to paragraph 4 or 8, the Commission shall list in the designation decision the relevant core_platform_services that are provided within that undertaking and which individually are an important gateway for business_users to reach end_users as referred to in paragraph 1, point (b).
10. The gatekeeper shall comply with the obligations laid down in Articles 5, 6 and 7 within 6 months after a core_platform_service has been listed in the designation decision pursuant to paragraph 9 of this Article.
whereas